EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS, and the ISSUE in GRAPHS #2-3 below:

KEY TO THE 2 ABBREVIATIONS used below:

                1. Jer-B   = Jeremiah 50-51 Babylon prophecy

                2. Rev-B  = Revelation 17-18 Babylon prophecy

The ISSUE facing a "REPLACEMENT" Babylon:

                Many see two different "Babylons" between Jer-B and Rev-B. But that is wrong. Both prophecies detail a singular TIMED (end-time salvation of                 the Jews) prophetic event ( Jer 51:63-64; Rev 18:21 ) which confirms that these two prophecies refer to the same Babylon.

                1. The SINGULAR PROPHETIC EVENT— Babylon will have a FINAL Fall, after which, Babylon will NOT Rise Again.

                2. This is a "Final Irreversible Fall". It means, since the fall is final, Babylon will NOT reappear. Yet, Jer 50:1-5 requires Babylon to                     reappear, and be visible at that time. This is the same time (end of the Tribulation) that Revelation Babylon (Rev-B) has its Final Fall.

Here's the problem with 2 different Babylons (an original Babylon of Chaldea and a Replacement Babylon in a "great city" somewhere):

                1. Both Jer-B and Rev-B prophesy of a "Final Irreversible Fall".

                2. If  Jer-B and Rev-B are 2 different Babylons, then each has its own prophecy of a "Final Irreversible Fall".

                3. That makes them 2 different "Final Irreversible Fall" events.

                4. The problem? ...contradictory prophecies! Here's why,

NEXT, part 7, "Babylon TIMING"

NOTES and POSTSCRIPTS:

1. The OVERNIGHT RISE Of The GREAT CITY

                                        COMPLETE SUMMARY STATEMENTS

SUMMARY STATEMENT OF This Entire Series

( Summary of the 7 Propositions listed below, each of which encapsulates a subject of this 7-Part series )

Babylon of Chaldea has Survived, slowly rebuilding for a thousand years, awaiting its destiny as

the Throneroom of the Antichrist, the City Chosen by HIM to enforce HIS Authority and HIS Ownership

of the Global Sovereignty, Wealth, and Trade ceded "Overnight" to HIM by the Nations;

Babylon awaits its destiny as "the Great City"—perishing with its Final Fall at the Return of Christ.

(Jeremiah 50-51; Revelation 17-18)

(The "Great" in the "Great City" is the result of its status as the base-city

for the "Great Authority" of its chief occupant, the Antichrist)

Below are 7 Summary Statements concluded from the Biblical, archaeological and historical evidence presented in this series. Each of the 7 statements corresponds respectively to the 7 Parts of this series, where we will present the evidence that,

        1. Babylon of Chaldea (Iraq) has Survived to fulfill its prophesied date with destiny.
Photographs of Conditions said to be impossible after Babylon's Final Destruction prove Babylon has Survived.

        2. Babylon has been rebuilding, inconspicuously, and unnoticed, for centuries.
Beginning in the midst of Babylon's ruins, the Literal Stones of Babylon have for 1000 years been recycled and redistributed to expand and build up the city of Hillah --essentially Rebuilding Babylon.

        3. Revelation's title "Babylon the Great City" does not require Babylon to be a Super-Large city. 
Babylon is "Great"--not because of Great Size--but because of its Great Authority derived from its status as the throne-room City of the Antichrist.

        4. The description "the Wealthy City" does not require Babylon to be a city of long-standing wealth. 
Babylon becomes the global icon of extreme Wealth, not from Old-wealth, but from Overnight Wealth, bequeathed and bestowed by the Nations.

        5. Babylon "the Great" does not require Babylon to be a massive Seaport City. 
Babylon is not itself a Giant Seaport City, but it Controls Global Seaports from a distance across continents and seas.

        6. Babylon of Chaldea has not been "Replaced" any more than Israel of Mt. Zion has been Replaced. 
Babylon has a Biblical-Chaldean GPS Identification of  32.32º x 44.25º which excludes any other city as a Replacement Babylon.

        7. Babylon, Iraq, has a prophetic-time appointment that parallels that of Israel. 
Babylon of Chaldea has a Date With Destiny prophetically scheduled to coincide with the New Covenant Salvation of Israel at the End Time. (Jer 5-:1-5

If the evidence sustains these 7 points, where is the need for a metaphorical Replacement to the plain, common sense, literal understanding of the word "Babylon"?

2. Did Old Testament Babylon have its Final Fall in the 6th century BC? 

Daniel was declared by the Lord Himself to be one of His most faithful servants. (Eze 14:14, 20) And Daniel was certainly familiar with the Book of Jeremiah, since Jeremiah's prophecies had a big part for Babylon, and were written about a half-century before Daniel's prophecies were written, and were well circulated, with even a copy in Daniel's library (Dan 9:2). Through Jeremiah's writings, God warned the Jews to flee Babylon before its Final Fall.

                Flee from the midst of Babylon, And each of you save his life! Do not be destroyed in her punishment, For this is the LORD'S time of vengeance; He                 is going to render recompense to her. ( Jer 51:6, 45)

Daniel didn't flee. But he wasn't disobedient. Rather, Daniel knew that the Persian "peaceful" takeover of Babylon in 539 BC WASN'T the the Final Fall and destruction described in Jeremiah's prophecies— that event having been prophesied by Jeremiah to coincide with the End-Time Salvation of the Jews. (50:5)

Many believing Jews, like Daniel, remained in Babylon after the Persian conquest, including Heldai, Tobijah, and Jedaiah, who traveled to Jerusalem from Babylon to carry a contribution for Rebuilding the Temple. (Zec 6:10)  MORE on the FIRST Fall of Babylon...

3. Does Old Testament Babylon re-locate to a "New Babylon" in the prophecies of Revelation? 

Babylon of Chaldea is still awaiting the fulfillment of prophecies. Included is its presence and destiny at the time of the End-Time Salvation of the Jews (the New Covenant promised to Israel; Jer 30-33). Since Revelation 14 and 17-18 foretells of "Babylon" reigning mightily as the "Great City" at the very same time, if these Babylons are not the same Babylon, then there would exist the awkward and unexplainable prophecy of two (2) Babylons at the End Time. Jeremiah's Babylon didn't end its story with the conclusion of the Old Testament era. Babylon of Chaldea cannot be shut down so easily. There is more to come before its prophecies as accounted not only in Jeremiah, but Isaiah 13, have run their course, and that course is scheduled to terminate at the End Time. Rather than Revelation's Babylon amounting to either a Replacement Babylon or a Second Babylon in the Last Days, it is seamlessly accounted for as the SAME BABYLON as Jeremiah's Babylon of Chaldea, its final days and Final Fall given full prophetic exposure in the Book of Revelation.

4. Is the Babylon of Jeremiah Replaced by the Babylon of Revelation?
 

To "not rise again" means to "not reappear". Babylon will "sink down" and not reappear. (Jer 51:63-64)

If Babylon of Chaldea, Iraq, experienced its final "sink down", then Babylon can NOT reappear here, there, or anywhere, including a relocated New York-Babylon, Rome-Babylon, London-Babylon, Mecca-Babylon, etc. Anything otherwise would expose Jeremiah 51:63-64 as a false prophecy.

But Babylon of Chaldea does not "reappear" after, and in contradiction to, a "Final sink-down". Babylon of Chaldea survives throughout history to reemerge as Babylon the Great of Revelation, primed for its Final Fall —   its final "sink down"— in Revelation 18:21 in complete fulfillment of Jeremiah 51:64. 

5. HISTORY TO MOVE BACK TO THE EAST

Why should anyone be surprised that Babylon, Iraq, would re-enter history at the End Time? Bible prophecy shows a "return to the East".

"Back East...man got his start in the East. The Bible says that man was placed in 'a garden toward the east, in Eden' (Benesis 2:8). For the early millennia of man's history, the focus remained in the East. The great empires were all located there"
Mark Hitchcock, The Second Coming Of Babylon, 2003, Multnomah Publishers, Sisters, OR, p.43.
"...in the most recent decades, something incredible has begun to happen. Power and world attention has begun to return to the East. With little warning the East has risen again as a major player."
Mark Hitchcock, The Second Coming Of Babylon, 2003, Multnomah Publishers, Sisters, OR, p.44.
"The Bible says that the Middle East is the stage for the key events of the end times. The East is back. And it is herre to stay.
Mark Hitchcock, The Second Coming Of Babylon, 2003, Multnomah Publishers, Sisters, OR, p.45.

6. I'm sure you have noticed that when we don't take Bible Prophecy LITERALLY, we end up REPLACING things...
For example...   

            1. If we don't accept the Literal words that Christ will rule over a 1000-yr Kingdom...
                then presto— post-millennial "Kingdom Now" Theology (the Church will set up the Millennial Kingdom) !  

            2. If we don't accept that there will be a Literal Tribulation...
                then presto— Preterism... the 70 AD Destruction of Jerusalem was the 2nd Coming of Christ!

            3. And most notably, if we don't accept a Literal Israel...
                then what do we have?—the Church replaces Israel & enters the Tribulation!
The Academic term for this is REPLACEMENT THEOLOGY... the common-sense term is "Changing-the-Meaning", because that's what happens.
Here's HOW THAT WORKS when we replace Israel with the Church, and notice how Babylon often undergoes the same REPLACEMENT process... HERE
We see that in the same way as Replacement of Israel with the Church, we Replace Babylon with...
            — New York City in many cases ... tall buildings, ocean-front, population, etc.
            — London, some times...
            — America, very often... but how do we get "the Great City" out of this one ???
            — Rome, MOST OFTEN...
The common-denominator is this: Just as Israel is no longer Israel,
Babylon is no longer Babylon

7. The "spirit of Babylon" is real. But it doesn't REPLACE Literal Babylon.

THE SPIRIT OF BABYLON
        Babylon the great! ... a dwelling place of demons and a prison of every unclean spirit...ALL the nations were deceived by your sorcery (Rev 18.2, 23
THE SPIRIT OF THE ANTICHRIST
        Children, it is the last hour; and just as you heard that antichrist is coming, even now many antichrists have arisen; from this we know that it is the last         hour...this is the spirit of the antichrist, of which you have heard that it is coming, and now it is already in the world.    

        1 John 2:18; 4:3
THE SPIRIT OF THE ANTICHRIST IS NOT THE ANTICHRIST
THE SPIRIT OF SODOM AND EGYPT IS NOT SODOM AND EGYPT; Jerusalem has the "spirit of Sodom", but original Sodom remains Sodom.
        And their dead bodies will lie in the street of the great city which mystically is called Sodom and Egypt, where also their Lord was crucified. Rev 11:8
THE SPIRIT OF BABYLON IS NOT BABYLON
        America may have the "spirit of Babylon", but Babylon is Babylon.
SPIRIT OF BABYLON OF CHALDEA; Although cities and nations across the earth are drunk with the spirit of Babylon, they are NOT Babylon.
        And he cried out with a mighty voice, saying, "Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great! And she has become a dwelling place of demons and a prison of

        every unclean spirit, and a prison of every unclean and hateful bird. ( Rev 18:2  
    

        Babylon has been a golden cup in the hand of the LORD, Intoxicating all the earth [with the spirit of Babylon]. The nations have drunk of her wine; Therefore the nations are going         mad.   (Jer 51:7  

        And another angel, a second one, followed, saying, "Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, she who has made all the nations drink of [the spirit of Babylon] the wine of the passion of her immorality." ( Rev 14:8  

8. THE PANORAMA OF BABYLON HISTORY IN JEREMIAH'S PROPHECY

Jeremiah 50-51 is a panorama of Babylon's prophetic-history from the days of Nebuchadnezzar all the way to its FINAL Fall at the End Time. To understand these prophecies is a challenge because Jeremiah's account is an example of "Blended-Prophecy".

If, in a Scrabble game, you lined up in chronological order, letters spelling out the major periods of Babylon's history and prophecies—  "Nebuchadnezzar (Jer 50-51), Persian conquest (Jer 50-51), Harlot Babylon (Rev 17), Commercial Babylon (Rev 18), Final Fall (Rev 16, 18), etc.,— glued some of the letters together and dumped all the letters into a bowl, and then attempted to reassemble the letters into their chronological outline of Babylon's prophetic-history, well, you can see the challenge. 

This is a common retorical mode of Bible prophecy (eg., Isa 9:6). Often given as a single prophecy, part is often near in time of fulfillment, while the other part is farther in time. Jeremiah speaks of Near Fulfillment ("Nebuchadnezzar, 50:17; 51:34), and he speaks of Far Fulfillment (Salvation of the Jews, 50:4-5), and everything in-between, all delivered as a single prophecy. To some degree, these prophecies can be sorted out.

  Some examples and some Interpretive Challenges to follow HERE shortly  

9. Babylon is IRREPLACABLE Because at its FINAL Fall Babylon "will not rise again" (Jer 51:64; Rev 18:21)

                                                    The "PROBLEM" restated...

If there are 2 different Babylons as shown in Graph #1, above, then that scenario would expose Jer-B as a false prophecy. Why? Jeremiah 51:63-64 says that after its FINAL Fall (which proponents say occurred in the Persian takeover during Daniel's time), Babylon will "not rise again". That is, Babylon will NOT Rise Again!

But since Babylon appears during the Tribulation in Revelation 18 (Rev-B), that would seem to show that Babylon DOES Rise Again! 

Some would hope to mitigate this problem by saying, "Well, this is a different 'Babylon' at a different location"?

Or... "Since Jeremiah 50-51 is discussing Babylon of Chaldea, then the statement means, 'Babylon OF CHALDEA' will not rise again.' " 

But the response might be "Babylon LOCATED IN CHALDEA will sink down and not rise again — because, as you've pointed out, Jeremiah's prophecy is about Babylon of Chaldea".

But then, that just adds a new problem:

       1. First, we now have 2 Babylons.

        2.Second, since the first Babylon has the QUALIFIER "Babylon of Chaldea",

       3. then the second Babylon must also have a QUALIFIER to distinguish it, say, "Babylon of New York City".

        4. Now, the problem of having 2 Babylons is compounded--Why not 3, or 4...in other words, "Babylon of New York City" will fall and not rise again, but             then will come "Babylon of Rome" which will fall and not rise again, and so forth.

       5. Each new Replacement-Babylon would be succeeded by the next Replacement-Babylon, ad-infinitum... perhaps right on through the Millennium until             the final revolt of Revelation 20:8-9?

        6. It is best to read Jeremiah 51:64 as "Just so shall Babylon sink down and not rise again" with NO QUALIFIERS. Babylon is Babylon, and once it's             FINAL FALL happens, Babylon is DONE WITH

                            MORE...

        10. The "TIMING" statement of Jeremiah doesn't permit a re-location of Babylon.

            Jeremiah 50-51 has two (2) clear TIME MARKERS which show the span of the prophecy to begin in the late 7th-early 6th centuries and terminate at the             End Time.        

                    BEGINNING Time Marker    

                            "Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon ... of Chaldea..." (Jer 51:34-35)    

                    TERMINAL Time Marker    

                            The word which the LORD spoke concerning Babylon, the land of the Chaldeans... "They will ask for the way to Zion, turning their faces in its                             direction; they will come that they may join themselves to the LORD in an everlasting covenant that will not be forgotten. (Jer 50:1-5) 

                    This means that any "Babylon", apart from Jeremiah's Babylon of Chaldea, which supposedly rises up in Revelation 17-18), would make TWO (2)                     Babylons at the End Time-- a scenario without Biblical merit. Any such "Babylon" exists only OUTSIDE of the Bible.    

                    But there is no conflict, no contradiction, no problem when the literal straightforward reading of both Jeremiah's and Revelation's prophecies are                     seen as a single prophecy continued from the Old Testament into the New Testament, forth-telling the history and destiny of ONE AND THE SAME                     Babylon, spanning the centuries from Nebuchadnezzar to the End Time.

            11. The LAND-LOCKED Irreplaceable Authentication

                    According to Jeremiah's prophecies, Babylon's location is not a temporary location; Babylon and its Chaldean location are inseparable,                     continuous, and permanent from the time of Nebuchadnezzar (50:17) until the salvation of the Jews (50:1-5) at the End Time. Therefore, the                     Chaldean Land is more than simply a "location"—it is a geographic-fingerprint that authenticates Babylon's Identity, Who Babylon IS! And,                     likewise, Who IS Babylon!                          

                    For instance, the Land of Israel (Mount "Zion", Jerusalem, the capital of Israel, 50:5) authenticates Israel's Identity, who is and who is not Israel. To                     divorce Israel from Mount Zion (Land of Israel) is to remove Israel's ID Card. Anyone could claim to be Israel—and many have. But the Land of                     Israel identifies WHO is Israel ("your own land", Eze 37:14 ; Jer 25:5). Any other "Israel" is a Replacement.

                    This geographic-fingerprint is also equally true of Bethlehem, the birthplace of Jesus. We read of the prophecy that Jesus would be born in, not                     just Bethlehem--but BETHLEHEM EPHRATHAH,

                                "But as for you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, Too little to be among the clans of Judah, From you One will go forth for Me to be ruler in Israel. His                                  goings forth are from long ago, From the days of eternity." (Micah 5:2)

                                "Christ will be from Bethlehem Ephrathah...also call Ephrath (Gen. 35:16-19; 48:7), was an older name for Bethlehem or the name of the                                 area around Bethlehem."       

                                                John F. Walvoord & Roy B. Zuck, The Bible Knowledge Commentary, SP Publications, Wheaton, IL, 1985, p.1486   

                                "Bethlehem Ephrathah: The name Ephrathah ...differentiates it from the Galilean town by the same name."   

                                                John MacArthur, The MacArthur Study Bible, Word Bibles, Nashville, TN, 1997, p. 1304.

                    "EPHRATHAH" nails Bethlehem to specific landscape in Israel. There was another "Bethlehem" village in northern Israel when Jesus was born. Yet,                     to fulfill the prophecy of Micah 5:2, Jesus was born in Bethlehem Ephrathat. In the same way, the Babylon prophecies can only be                     fulfilled inBabylon of Chaldea.

12. Babylon's LAND-LOCKED ID-CARD

                    So, too, is the Land of Chaldea Babylon's ID Card. Babylon can only be authenticated as Babylon when it is Babylon of Chaldea. Any                     other "Babylon" is a Replacement. 

13. SUMMARY STATEMENT: The "Mother Of HARLOTS"

        1. The "MOTHER" predates the daughters... The Bible speaks of "harlots", which have existed throughout Biblical history (Isa. 1:21; 23:17; Eze. 23:17;                 Hos. 9:1; Nah. 2:4). Nevevah, Tyre, and even Jerusalem at times, were called out for their religious harlotry.  Jerusalem was severely disciplined.                 Nenevah and Tyre were condemned.

          2.   In Bible Prophecy it has become popular to "Replace" Babylon of Chaldea  with "Babylon of Rome", "New York", "America", etc. But not one of                 these "replacement" Babylons could then be the "Mother" of harlots for the simple reason that the dates of the "daughter" harlots are known (Isa.                 1:21; 23:17; Eze. 23:17; Hos. 9:1; Nah. 2:4)--and any insertion of a later "Mother" as a "replacement" to Babylon of Chaldea would cause these                 Biclically-named "harlots" to PREDATE the "Mother".

            3. The Biblical statement, in its straightforward literal sense, is that Babylon means Babylon, and Babylon, which predates all of the world's                 non-Christian religions, is therefore the "Mother of Harlots"......and the Bible keeps its Literal sense.

        2. The "Rewind" of history... "And the woman whom you saw is the great city, which reigns over the kings of the earth." (Revelation 17:18            

                The diverse religions of the world will 'rewind' their ancient dispersal from the Tower at Babylon (Gen 11:1-9) and reunite at Babylon of Chaldea as a                 single religion--a one-world false-religion acting as the moral authority to the world.        

                Babylon, the "Mother of Harlots", will once again find ALL of her "daughter-harlots" back at their birthplace.

                Babylon will become the "great city"--not because of size or military power-- but because for a short period Satan will reign as the ultimate false god                 through a unified false religion with

                his throne set in original Babylon where it all began.

                But then Satan (the false god) will raise up his Antichrist (false christ) and False Prophet (false holy spirit) and cast off the one-world religion in favor                 of his Antichrist's self-proclaimed 'god-above-them-all' at Babylon in modern-day Iraq. Babylon will indeed be the Great City! ...

                ...for a short, but torturous period at the end of this age called The GREAT TRIBULATION ! 

14. The ERROR of REPLACING Israel

This continues to manifests itself in today's 'Church' through such dogmatic and UN-Biblical dark-side theology as Preterism and Replacement Theology, both of which essentially relegate Israel to the dust bin of history, proclaiming that the State of Israel is totally irrelevant today.

But the Bible speaks forcefully against this error,
1. God has not rejected His people, has He? May it never be! For I too am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin. God has not rejected His people whom He foreknew. ... (Rom. 11:1-2) The Bible continues by saying that...
2. Paul's "blessing" upon the Jews in harmony with Genesis 12:3 is his "prayer to God ... for their salvation. (10:1)
3. "God has not rejected His people (11:1)", so how can we "Replace" them with man-made, stupid "theology"?
4. the Bible warns Believers (the Church) to "not be arrogant toward the branches (11:18).

5. Today's response?...Many mainline denominational web sites essentially "curse" Israel through such anti-Israel programs as the economic-based BDS program ("boycott-divest, i.e., 'un-invest'-& sanction). Persecution indeed!

15. What is the Relationship Between Old Testament & New Testament Babylon? Are they the same "Babylon"?

Jeremiah and Revelation 18 are "book-end" prophecies...they correlate. Use your marginal verse references in Revelation 18 to see how many (and there are many) phrases and words refer back to Jeremiah 50 & 51 with parallel terms. This fact highlights the truth that both books are talking about the same Babylon in future prophecy.
Jeremiah 50-51 is a double-reference prophecy. Nebuchadnezzar's Babylon and End-Time Babylon prophecies are compressed into what is a single prophetic narrative, without distinction to time intervals. This is a common rhetorical devise of the Prophets. BUT NOTE: In ALL references the discussion NEVER changes from Babylon of CHALDEA ! ¹
1. Jeremiah identifies the geo-ethnic identity of Babylon as "Chaldean" (50:1) "Chaldea" word forms are used in Jeremiah 50-51 ten (10) times, all in reference     to Babylon. Chaldeans were the people of Biblical Babylon, located in modern-day Iraq, the site of the original ancient city of Babylon. This specific     designator, "Chaldea", eliminates any reference to Babylon being any other city or nation outside of Iraq. 1 (bold-underlined numbers like this refer to     End Notes)
2. The TIME of Jeremiah's Babylon prophecies is set in the days of the Final Salvation of the Jews. (Jer. 50:4-5; 32:40), an event Paul says will happen at the End     Time (Rom. 11:25-27).
CONSIDER THIS: "The Babylon mentioned in 1Pe 5:13 was not Rome, as some have thought, but the literal city of Babylon, which was inhabited by many Jews                                 at the time Peter wrote."                                                   

                                Easton's Bible Dictionary, Thomas Nelson Publishing, 1897, "Babylon."
NOTES:
1. Recent DNA (Y chromosome) studies conducted by the National Geographic Magazine on the bones of ancient Babylonians and living people from Babil have shown that the modern peoples carry the same ancient Babylonian genetic material.
McCurry, Steve (2005-02-20). "History: Mesopotamia". National Geographic. http://java.nationalgeographic.com/studentatlas/clickup/mesopotamia.html.