PROMINENCE EASTERN LEG NOTES

PROMINENCE EASTERN LEG NOTES
Endnotes
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[1] Copyright 2017, Phillip Goodman.
[2] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.500.
[3] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.500
[4] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.469.
[5] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.500
[6] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.500.
[7] Chris Schang, Islamic Antichrist? “Three Strikes and You’re Out!”, The Lamplighter, Jul-Aug 2015, http://www.lamblion.com/xfiles/publications/magazines/Lamplighter_JulAug15_Graham.pdf
[8] My thesis is that the Euro-centric view is based more on recent history-headlines (since the mid-twentieth century rise of the European Common Market, etc.) than on a careful examination of classical history itself, and its correlation to fulfilled prophecy. Equally in error, along with the Euro-centric view, is the Islamo-centric view, which insists on a Middle East overemphasis to the extent that the Antichrist must be a Muslim, a theological oxymoron, since “there is no God but Allah”, except the Antichrist, who names himself as “God”. (2 Thes. 2:3-4) That is, The Antichrist is not going to be saying "There is no God but Allah." He is going to be saying "There is no God but me." That makes him--not a "Muslim Antichrist"--rather, that makes him an Anti-Muslim Antichrist.
[9] Ancient History, Hutton Webster, PhD, professor, University of Nebraska, D. C. Heath & Co., Publishers, Boston, MA, 1913, p.277-278. https://books.google.com/books?id=BQsPAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA278&lpg=PA278&dq=alexander+fusion+of+East+and+West&source=bl&ots=EjXVukMhuL&sig=6zmSVLs5HZ1CD62LzYCu8ZG1EkU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjDzJTF0KbXAhXn1IMKHThbB3EQ6AEIPjAH#v=onepage&q=alexander%20fusion%20of%20East%20and%20West&f=false
[10] Dave Hunt perceptively writes, “In fact it never did make sense to equate the revived Roman Empire with Western Europe because that was only a fraction of the ancient Roman Empire.” (Dave Hunt, Global Peace, Harvest House, 1990, p.63.); John F. Walvoord agrees when he says, “Two legs were an apt portrayal of Rome, for the ancient Roman Empire ruled extensive areas of both the western and eastern divisions of the world… [The feet and ten toes] represented the Roman Empire in its final stage of existence in contrast with its earlier leg stage.” (John F. Walvoord, Countdown to Armageddon, Harvest House, 1999, p.60.)
[11] Oxford Visualized World History, Philip Dorf, Oxford Book Co., New York, 1958, p. 47.
[12] Rome In The East, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.500
[13] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.3.
[14] World History To 1648, Anglin & Hamblin, Harper Collins College Outline, Harper Collins Publishers, New York, NY, 1993, p.124.
[15] Oxford Visualized World History, Philip Dorf, Oxford Book Co., New York, 1958, p. 47.
[16] Oxford Visualized World History, Philip Dorf, Oxford Book Co., New York, 1958, p. 47.
[17] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.4.
[18] World History To 1648, Anglin & Hamblin, Harper Collins College Outline, Harper Collins Publishers, New York, NY, 1993, p.125.
[19] UNGER’S BIBLE DICTIONARY, Merrill F. Unger, Moody Press, Chicago, IL, 1966, p.935
[20] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.4-5.
[21] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.2.
[22] World History To 1648, Anglin & Hamblin, Harper Collins College Outline, Harper Collins Publishers, New York, NY, 1993, p.124.
[23] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.291
[24] Atlas Of The Ancient World, Margaret Oliphant, Simon & Schuster, New York, NY, 1992, p.129
[25] Warwick Ball, Rome In The East, The Transformation of an Empire, Routledge, London & New York, 2002, Preface, p.1-7.
[26] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.xxxvii.
[27] Warwick Ball, Rome In The East, The Transformation of an Empire, Routledge, London & New York, 2002.
[28] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.125.
[29] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.482.
[30] Tenney Frank, (May 19, 1876 – April 3, 1939) a prominent ancient historian and classical scholar; professor at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, and the author of A History of Rome (1923), Economic History of Rome (1920), and Roman Imperialism (1914).
[31] https://www.toqonline.com/archives/v5n4/54-Frank.pdf
[32] Tenney Frank, American Historical Review, July 1916, vol. 21, no. 4: 689–708, p65 (707)
[33] Tenney Frank, The History of Rome, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1923; last reprinted 1961; p.242–243.
[34] Tenney Frank, The History of Rome, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1923; 178-179 & 526–527.
[35] Tenney Frank, American Historical Review, July 1916, vol. 21, no. 4: 689–708, p65 (705).
[36] Tenney Frank, American Historical Review, July 1916, vol. 21, no. 4: 689–708, p65 (707).
[37] Tenney Frank, American Historical Review, Vol. 21--number 45; July, 1916, p. 689-90. (Tacitus born ad 56—died c. 120, Roman orator and public official, probably the greatest historian and one of the greatest prose stylists who wrote in the Latin language. Among his works are … the Historiae (Histories), concerning the Roman Empire from ad 69 to 96, and the later Annals, dealing with the empire in the period from ad 14 to 68. [the 70 AD ERA] https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tacitus-Roman-historian
[38] Tenney Frank, American Historical Review, Vol. 21--number 45; July, 1916, p. 691.
[39] Seneca --4 BC- 65 AD, Rome, Italy; He was Rome’s leading intellectual figure in the mid-1st century ce and was virtual ruler with his friends of the Roman world between 54 and 62, during the first phase of the emperor Nero’s reign. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lucius-Annaeus-Seneca-Roman-philosopher-and-statesman
Seneca quote from Tenney Frank, American Historical Review, Vol. 21--number 45; July, 1916, p. 693.
[40] Tenney Frank, American Historical Review, July 1916, vol. 21, no. 4: 689–708, p65 (708)
[41] Conybeare & Howson, The Life And Epistles Of St. Paul, Eerdman’s Publishing Co., Grand Rapids, MI, 1856, 1974, p.13.
[42] William Graham Scroggie, The Unfolding Drama Of Redemption, Zondervan Publishing House, Grand Rapids, MI, 1982, Vol. 1 p.38, Vol. 2 p.65, 77.
[43] Jon Harrison Sims, American Renaissance magazine, Vol. 21, No. 10, October 2010.
[44] Michael Peachin, Introduction to The Oxford Handbook of Social Relations in the Roman World, Oxford University Press, 2011, p. 12.
[45] Highly recommended for a thorough and ‘original-research’ discussion Rome’s material ruins in the East and their evidence of the Prominence of Rome ‘in the East’ is English scholar-archaeologist Warwick Ball’s book, Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016.
[46] Check out this map for a quick look at the span of Roman Empire cities from the Atlantic to the Tigris, Roman road system, ruins, etc., excellent and interactive. http://imperium.ahlfeldt.se/places/24241.html
[47] This ‘recognizable’ geographic positioning of the world’s nations was established by God (Acts 17:26). Recognition of the fulfillment of nation-based prophecies necessitates a recognition of general nation positioning on the earth. Since the parameters of nations and empires swell and decline through history, exact boundaries are not the criteria for recognition—but rather general geographic position through history.
[48] HERE’S WHY I EXPECT TO SEE A Recognizable Revived Roman Empire …1) Israel, reborn after almost 2000 years, returned to its ‘recognizable’ land; 2) the ancient Bible Lands remain recognizable today; 3) the Revived Roman Empire will rise up in its recognizable territorial position, rather than span the globe, because the Antichrist beacons the kings of the earth, who are apparently different from the ten kings of the Revived Roman Empire, to Armageddon; 4) those 10 kings are already a boundaried and recognizable Revived Roman Empire when Antichrist arises from “among them” (Dan. 7:8), and not from “among the world”; 5) there is the Greek template or facsimile (Dan. 8), which shows 4 sub-kingdoms (4 horns) arising within a defined territory of the Greek Empire of Alexander the Great; in the same way the 10 kings will be within the known territory of ancient Rome revived (Dan. 7, where in v. 20 the 10 kings are on the ‘head’ of Rome, and then in v. 24, they arise “out of this kingdom”) 6) Revived Rome would not be recognizable as a fulfillment of prophecy if it were a global kingdom. The Eastern Leg of Rome is not the Eastern Hemisphere of the world. Revived Rome is not 10 global zones (China has nothing to do with Roman heritage; they are the “Kings of East”, Rev. 16:12). 7) Revived Rome will be recognizable as the restored ancient Roman Empire. The 10 kings of Revived Rome arise “out of” the head of the fourth beast” (Rome), not out of the human race.
[49] John F. Walvoord, Daniel, the Key to Prophetic Revelation, a Commentary, 1971, p.73-74.
[50] The list that follows is not exhaustive. For example, Revelation’s 7 Churches could be added because they are located in the Eastern Leg. Other examples could be included. Amazingly, Bible Prophecy ‘rewinds the tape’ back to the ‘Bible Lands’ in the Last Days.
[51] “Although the Western Roman Empire fell to the Germanic invaders by 476, the eastern part survived independently until 1453, an additional thousand years.” (World History Review Text, Irving L. Gordon, Amsco School Publications, New York, NY, 1973, p. 78.)
[52] Being the thesis of this paper, ample evidence is set forth throughout.
[53] These Eastern kingdoms are, head to toe on the Daniel 2 ‘Statue’, Babylon, Persia/Media, 4-part Greece/Turkey/Syria/Egypt, and East-West Rome.
[54] Note that the passage is not simply referring to ‘kingdom-traits’ since the ‘gold, silver and bronze’ kingdoms are destroyed “all at the same time” as the Revived Roman Empire “legs of iron”. This Daniel 2:35 statement is confirmed by 2:44 when the stone will “crush and put an end to all these kingdoms” at the Second Coming of Christ. Therefore, the Eastern Leg of End-Time Revived Rome is very much in Prominence!
[55] See 52 above: i.e., the same as Daniel’s kingdoms with this important added caveat—Rev. 12 & 17 shows them UNITED at the End Time.
[56] In nearly every End-Time prophecy passage in both Testaments Israel is either ‘front-and-center’, or the essential ‘backdrop’ for another prophetic subject.
[57] The “Bible Lands” are those nations in the Middle East which surround Israel, where the ‘Bible story’ is told in both Testaments. I am not one who holds that future prophecy normally names only the ‘Bible lands’ because that is all the ‘Bible-time’ readers understood. When Scripture wants to name other lands, the Holy Spirit does so, sometimes generically like “coastlands,” or “isles of the sea”, or sometimes specifically like “land of Magog”. But actually the Bible says what it means—history and the story of redemption BEGAN in the ‘Bible lands’, and history and the consummation of redemption (End-Time Prophecy) will END in the Middle East, ‘EASTERN LEG’, Bible Lands.
[58] Babylon in an end-time context is prophesied in 4 lengthy chapters (Jer. 50-51; Rev. 17-18) and in other passages (Isa. 13:17-22).
[59] See “The Euphrates Connection” in my book The Assyrian Connection, Prescott Press, 1993.
[60] Revelation chapter 11.
[61] Revelation 16:12-16.
[62] Revelation 16:12-16; 19:19.
[63] Revelation 16:12-16; 19:19; (compare Mat. 24:15-22; those days “will be cut short”, with that action centered in “Judea”, v. 16, at the time of Armageddon, v. 29-30).
[64] In the EASTERN LEG, on the “Mount of Olives” at Jerusalem, Zechariah 14:4.
[65] If the Eastern Leg were REMOVED, there would be NO FULFILLMENT to Future Prophecy… WHY? Because the Christ-Stone from heaven strikes, not one, but both legs, and it is at that time that the Gentile kingdoms are destroyed. Note that it is the kingdoms themselves—not kingdom-traits—that are destroyed (Daniel 2:35, 44), and “all these kingdoms” are destroyed at the same time (v.44). The statue is dominated by Eastern-Leg kingdoms, i.e., Babylon, Persia, Greece in four parts including Greece, Turkey, Syria and Egypt, and Rome, both East and West. Without the ‘stage’ of the Roman Empires’ Eastern Leg, future prophecy would have no ‘cast of actors’.
[66] Gaebelein, Frank E. and Polcyn, Richard P., The Expositor’s Bible Commentary, Vol. 7. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House, 1985, p.429.; J. Barton Payne, Encyclopedia of Biblical Prophecy. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Book House, 1973, p.83 and Payne, J. Barton. Encyclopedia of Biblical Prophecy. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Book House, 1973, p.81. No one has been able to successfully place Micah 5:5-8 anywhere in past historical fulfillment. If the two legs of Daniel’s Statue are not seen as both feet standing in Europe, but rather are spread apart with one foot in Europe and the other in Asia, the problem of past fulfillment becomes moot, for the door to future fulfillment is thrown wide open.
[67] J. Dwight Pentecost, one of this generations most respected Bible prophecy commentators, places Micah 5:5-6 in the timeframe of the Antichrist, (Pentecost, Things To Come, p. 352); Tim LaHaye does also. (Tim LaHaye, Tim LaHaye’s Prophecy Study Bible, p. 960); C.I. Scofield seems to agree in his Isaiah 14:26 comment on Assyria, saying, “This universality [v.26] is significant” ...referring...to the end of the age.” (C.I. Scofield, Scofield Study Bible, Isaiah 14:26)
[68] David Reagan (on the importance of Literal Interpretation) “...I stopped playing games with God’s Prophetic Word. I started accepting it for its plain sense meaning. I decided that if the plain sense makes sense, I would look for no other sense, lest I end up with nonsense...I challenge you to interpret God’s Word—all of it—for its plain sense meaning.” (David Reagan, God’s Plan For The Ages, Lamb & Lion Ministries, McKinney, TX, 2005, p.39, 44.);
Reagan uses what he calls “flashbacks and flash-forwards” (commonly known as “time-gap” prophecies) extensively in his book Wrath And Glory in order to keep the plain sense of Revelation intact. (David Reagan, Wrath & Glory, New Leaf Press, Green Forest, AR, 2001, p.35-37.); This same method enlightens Micah 5:2-8— IF –the PROMINENCE OF THE EASTERN LEG is recognized in a future Revived Roman Empire.
[69] The Assyrian Connection (Phillip Goodman, 1993, Prescott Press) was based on the prophecies of Daniel and Revelation complemented by the historical reality of the Prominent Eastern Leg of the Roman Empire, and its powerful demonstration of the accurate fulfillment of Bible prophecy.
[70] Arthur W. Pink, The Antichrist, I. C. Herendeen, Bible Truth Depot, Swengel, PA, p.86; 53
[71] David Reagan: http://christinprophecy.org/articles/recommended-books-on-bible-prophecy/
[72] Henry Morris, The Revelation Record, Tyndale House Publishers, Wheaton, IL, 1983, p.340. Dr. David Reagan on Henry Morris…"The best commentary I have ever read on the Book of Revelation is one called The Revelation Record by Dr. Henry Morris." (David Reagan, Wrath And Glory, New Leaf Press, Green Forest, AR, 2001, p.31.)
[73] Chuck Missler, Personal Update Magazine, Nov. 2002, Koinonia House, p.1.; Clarence Larkin, Dispensational Truth. Glenside, Pennsylvania: Rev. Clarence Larkin Est., 1920, p.118.; S. Maxwell Coder, The Fined Chapter. Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale House, 1984, p.103.; Zane Hodges, Power To Make War, The Career Of The Assyrian Who Will Rule The World, Redencion Viva Publishers, Dallas, TX, 1995, p.113-114.; Grant Jeffrey, Prophecy Marked Reference Study Bible, Zondervan, 1998, p. 749, and Grant Jeffrey, The Prince of Darkness, Frontier Research Publication, 1994, p. 215.; Joseph Chambers, A Palace for the Antichrist, New Leaf Press, 1996, p. 137.; The New Treasury Of Scripture Knowledge, Jerome H. Smith, ed., Thomas Nelson Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee, 1992, p.963.; Sir Robert Anderson, The Coming Prince, Kregel Publications, Grand Rapids, MI, 1984, p.191-192.
[74] John Phillips & Jerry Vines, Exploring The Book Of Daniel, Loizeaux Brothers, Neptune, NJ, 1990, p.192; John Phillips, Exploring The Future, Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1983, p.54.; Philip R. Newell, Daniel, the Man Greatly Beloved and his Prophecies. Chicago, Illinois: Moody Press, 1982, p.118-119; 180-181.; Gleason Archer in “Daniel,” Gaebelein, Frank E. and Polcyn, Richard P. The Expositor’s Bible Commentary, Vol. 7. Grand Rapids, Michigan; Zondervan Publishing House, 1985, p.147.
[75] Some of the most important Roman Emperors who were not from Italy include Trajan (98-117) Spain; Hadrian (117-38) Spain; Macrinus (217) Maurentania, Africa; Elagabalus (218-22) Syria; Alexander Severus (222-35) Syria; Maximinus I (235-38) Thrace; Philip I (244-49) “The Arab”, Syria; Uranus (248?-54) Syria; Carus (282-83) Illyricum, Balkans. For a map showing these emperors, see http://www.bibleprophecyaswritten.com/daniel/dan2easternlegpt2.html
[76] Rome In The East, The Transformation Of An Empire, Warwick Ball, Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York, 2016, p.469.
[77] G. H. Pember, The Great Prophecies of the Centuries, p.212, as quoted in Lehman Strauss, The Prophecies Of Daniel, Loizeaux Brothers, Neptune, NJ, 1969, p.73.
[78] “The only biblical type of the Antichrist is given in the person of Antiochus Epiphanes, a Gentile.” (Arnold Fruchtenbaum, The Footsteps Of The Messiah, Ariel Ministries Press, 1983, p. 212.)
[79] Isaiah 10:24; 14:25; 30:31; 31:8.